IBM SPSS Decision Tree Procedure For Effective Decision Making
Автор(ы): Байзылдаева Д.*
Объем документа:
МРНТИ: 28.29.03
Ключевые слова: дерево принятия решений*задачи многокритериальные*программное обеспечение*методы роста дерева*
Реферат: Decision making is a complex process, especially in multi-criteria problem with diversity of data cases and data types to take into account. The routine process of data research and analysis becomes easier with the aid of powerful software. In the article IBM SPSS Statistics 19 is considered as a tool in stages of decision making. The IBM SPSS Decision tree procedure growing methods are briefly introduced, one of the methods is continuously applied for business case data.
Antecedents of cognitive trust and affective distrust and their mediating roles in building customer loyalty
Автор(ы): Джунг Ли*Jae-Nam Lee*Bernard C. Y.*
Объем документа:
МРНТИ: 04.15.21
Ключевые слова: формирование лояльности клиента*доверие клиента*недоверие клиента*опрос клиентов*
Реферат: The present research investigates how trust and distrust differently mediate in customer perceptions of various web features in the process of building customer loyalty. Assuming trust and distrust are different in their psychological aspects, we propose that trust is a cognitively active construct, whereas distrust is an affectively active construct. To support this proposal, we select six antecedents of trust and distrust and hypothesize their different relationships as follows: 1) Antecedents with capability-based elements, such as site convenience and content relevance, are associated with trust; 2) Antecedents with relationship-affecting elements, such as customer involvement and web fraud, are associated with distrust; 3) Antecedents with both elements, such as content truthfulness and customer responsiveness, are associated with both trust and distrust. A survey is conducted on 279 online shopping mall users in Korea, and the result shows that most of the foregoing hypotheses are supported. The finding suggests: 1) Trust emerges when customers expect positive result with confidence, thereby implying that it is cognitively activated; 2) Distrust emerges when customers suspect that the seller has a vicious motivation, thereby implying that it is affectively activated.
Speaking anxiety in a foreign language classroom in Kazakhstan
Автор(ы): Сулейменова З.*
Объем документа:
МРНТИ: 04.51.53
Ключевые слова: изучение иностранного языка*волнение ученика*разговорная речь*коммуникативная компетентность студентов*
Реферат: The given research conducted on speaking anxiety revealed that students have extremely negative experiences with speaking activities in a foreign language class. All the instruments used to investigate the problem of speaking anxiety were considerably helpful. Important measures should be taken to try to minimize its negative effects. Increased speaking anxiety levels in Kazakhstani high school students can be attributed to a variety of factors. One attributing factor may be related to the fact that the Kazakhstani educational system is not designed to increase the communicative competence of students. Therefore many students experience a feeling of uneasiness and anxiety when having to speak in the foreign language.
Speaking Anxiety in a Kazakhstani Foreign Language Classroom
Автор(ы): Сулейменова З.*
Объем документа:
МРНТИ: 04.51.53
Ключевые слова: проблемы разговорной речи*изучение иностранных языков*формы самооценки знания языка*
Реферат: The present study aimed to contribute to our understanding of foreign language anxiety, in general, and in particular speaking anxiety in Kazakhstani environment. It was the first attempt to fill this gap and to reveal more about the speaking anxiety in the Elementary level of Kazakh students group, having considered how anxiety might have affected speaking and overall classroom performance. This study addressed the issue of identifying foreign language speaking anxiety and the major consequences of language speaking anxiety reported by students learning English in the evaluation of the foreign language classroom. Anxiety levels in Kazakh students of English were studied through self-evaluation using a scale adapted from the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) developed by Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope (1986). As revealed by the results of this study, English language speaking anxiety does exist among the Kazakh second year university students who participated in this study. And too, the study revealed that these students have had a number of negative experiences with speaking activities in a foreign language class.
The loan-bond spread as a predictor of real economic activity: evidences from 20 European countries
Автор(ы): Маджибул Хок*Санг Хун Ли*
Объем документа: С. 17-27
МРНТИ: 06.73.07
Ключевые слова: рынки финансовые*спреды экономической деятельности*облигации*кредитование банковское*коедитно-облигационные спреды*
Реферат: The high-yield and paper-bill spreads have been found as robust predictors of real economic activity. These results are due to a pro-cyclical impact of the spread on economy since the external finance premium is negatively related to the expected economic conditions in the future. The majority of credits extended to borrowers in most countries, however, are through bank financing. Therefore, the loan bond spread (spread between bank lending and government bond rates) may also exhibit the similar pro-cyclical relationship found for the spreads of direct financial instruments in the U.S. and U.K. However, banks have advantages over securities market in solving problems of asymmetric information through their long-term customer relationships and line of credit arrangements. This may imply less pro-cyclical impact on real economic activity. Quarterly data for twenty European countries are analyzed using a panel study framework. The results show that the loan-bond spread has a significant negative impact on future real GDP growth rate in the long term. This negative relationship, however, becomes insignificant in the analysis of the Eastern European countries and stronger in magnitude for the Western European countries. It may be due to the conjecture that, for the countries in Eastern Europe, the monetary actions are fully absorbed by the inflation and the spread has no additional information beyond that already contained in other predictors, or the signals produced from the financial markets are inefficient as their financial and government bond markets are relatively immature and shallow in liquidity.
Conceptualising public-private partnerships: A critical appraisal of approaches to meanings and forms
Реферат: The purpose of this article is to survey various meanings attached to a public-private partnership (PPP) and related aspects in Western literature, and identify commonalities and differences between them. Additionally, the article intends to critically assess conflicting and overlapping views on contractual and institutional PPPs, their forms and models, and draw insights for transitional economies. The article contrasts and compares views on PPP meanings, forms and models within Western PPP literature, and also draws comparisons with understanding of partnership aspects in the Russian language sources. The article examines theories underpinning PPPs, builds connections to PPP advantages and drawbacks, and provides critical assessment of net benefits that PPPs may bring along to the society. The article concludes that future PPP research in transitional countries such as Kazakhstan and Russia, particularly in the area of organisational and power arrangements in partnerships, may delineate new concepts such as government as a guarantor of a PPP project, social significance of a PPP project, and risk management in a country\'s contextual environment.
The profitability of carry trade: evidence for five CIS countries
Автор(ы): Разак Бхатти*
Объем документа: С. 179-191
МРНТИ: 06.73.07
Ключевые слова: операции керри-трейд*валюты СНГ*прибыльность операции*коэффициент Шарпа*
Реферат: This paper explores whether carry trade operations in the five CIS currencies - Armenian drams, Azerbaijani manat, Kazak tenge, Kyrgyz soms and Moldovan lei - were profitable over the period 01.1996 - 02.2010. The results show that carry trades in the five CIS currencies funded by short positions in the Japanese yen and Swiss franc outperform the two major stock markets-the Japanese Nikkei225 and Swiss market indices. The results show that the average annualized interest differential are the highest for the Kyrgyz soms and Armenian drams and the lowest for the Kazakh tenge and Azerbaijani manat when carry trades in these currencies are funded with short positions in both the Japanese yen and Swiss franc.
Mutational screening of the BRCA gene in sporadic breast cancer in Kazakhstan population
Реферат: In the Republic of Kazakhstan, breast cancer represents one of the most common malignancies and is one of the leading causes of death from cancer in women. To date, little information regarding the role of BRCA gene mutations in breast cancer risk among Kazakhstan women has been reported. In this study6 we evaluated the frequency and distribution of BRCA gene mutations in Kazakhstan women diagnosed with sporadic breast cancer.
A novel phage-encoded transcription antiterminator acts by suppressing bacterial RNA polymerase pausing
Автор(ы): Berdygulova Z.*Esyunina D.*Miropolskaya N.*Mukhamedyarov D. A.*Kuznedelov K.*Nickels B. E.*Severinov K.*Kulbachinskiy A.*Minakhin L.*
Реферат: Gp39, a small protein encoded by Thermus thermophilus phage P23-45, specifically binds the host RNA polymerase (RNAP) and inhibits transcription initiation. Here, we demonstrate that gp39 also acts as an antiterminator during transcription through intrinsic terminators. The antitermination activity of gp39 relies on its ability to suppress transcription pausing at poly (U) tracks. Gp39 also accelerates transcription elongation by decreasing RNAP pausing and backtracking but does not significantly affect the rates of catalysis of individual reactions in the RNAP active center. We mapped the RNAP - gp39 interaction site to the b flap, a domain that forms a part of the RNA exit channel and is also a likely target for j phage antiterminator proteins Q and N, and for bacterial elongation factor NusA. However, in contrast to Q and N, gp39 does not depend on NusA or other auxiliary factors for its activity. To our knowledge, gp39 is the first characterized phage-encoded transcription factor that affects every step of the transcription cycle and suppresses transcription termination through its antipausing activity.
Temporal Regulation of Gene Expression of the Thermus thermophilus Bacteriophage
Автор(ы): Berdygulova Z.*Westblade L. F.*Florens L.*Koonin E. V.*Chait B. T.*Ramanculov E.*Washburn M. P.*Darst S. A.*Severinov K.*Minakhin L.*
Реферат: Regulation of gene expression during infection of the thermophilic bacterium Thermusthermophilus (T. th.) HB8 with the bacteriophage P23-45 was investigated. Macroarray analysis revealed host transcription shut-off and identified three temporal classes of phage genes: early, middle, and late. In vivo experiments revealed the presence of rifampicin-resistant RNA polymerizing activity in infected cells responsible for early transcription. The product of the P23-45 early gene 64 shows a distant sequence similarity with the largest, catalytic subunits of multisubunit RNAPs and contains the conserved metal-binding motif that is diagnostic of these proteins.